A recent study suggests a potential link between the use of hormonal coils and an increased risk of breast cancer in women. The research, which involved nearly 160,000 women in Denmark, identified an unexpected association between the use of an intrauterine system (IUS), commonly known as a hormonal coil, and a higher risk of breast cancer among women aged 15 to 49.
According to the study, women using a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) for five years had an additional 14 cases of breast cancer per 10,000 women compared to those not using this form of contraception. This finding contrasts with previous beliefs that the lower levels of hormone exposure associated with coils would not significantly impact breast cancer risk, unlike prolonged use of the contraceptive pill.
Dr. Lina Morch, the lead researcher from the Danish Cancer Society’s Research Centre, highlighted the importance of considering alternative contraceptive options for women in their 30s and 40s, when the risk of breast cancer is no longer minimal. Dr. Morch indicated that while a hormonal coil might still be the best choice for some women, switching to a copper IUD could be a prudent decision given the identified risk.
Experts in reproductive endocrinology and breast surgery expressed surprise at the study’s findings, emphasizing the need to weigh the benefits of hormonal contraception against the potential harms associated with a slight increase in breast cancer risk. Dr. Mangesh Thorat, a consultant breast surgeon at Homerton University Hospital and Queen Mary University of London, advised women nearing 40 years of age to consult with healthcare providers about non-hormonal contraceptive options.
The study, published in the journal Jama, focused on Danish women as LNG-IUS is a popular hormonal contraception among premenopausal women over 30 in Denmark. The National Health Service (NHS) explains that an IUS releases progestogen to prevent pregnancy, while a copper coil operates without hormones by releasing copper into the womb.
As further research and discussions unfold around the potential link between hormonal coils and breast cancer risk, individuals are advised to stay informed and consult healthcare professionals to make informed decisions about their contraceptive choices.