In a recent study conducted by the University of Pennsylvania, scientists have discovered a potential way to enhance cancer treatment using a relatively inexpensive supplement. The research focused on analysing different diets and their components to determine how they could boost the effectiveness of CAR T cell therapy, which is crucial in treating certain types of blood cancer. CAR T cell therapy involves reprogramming the body’s T cells to target and eliminate cancer cells, but its success rate is not guaranteed.
The study found that adopting a ketogenic diet or taking a supplement could potentially improve the efficacy of CAR T cell therapy. These supplements, often marketed to induce ketosis in the body, are available in various forms, including pills that cost around 14p each. The researchers explored the effects of different diets, such as ketogenic, high-fibre, high-fat, high-cholesterol, and a control diet, on mice. The results indicated that mice on a ketogenic diet showed improved tumour control and survival compared to those on other diets.
One significant discovery was the role of a metabolite called ‘beta-hydroxybutyrate’ (BHB), produced by the liver during a ketogenic diet, in enhancing the therapy’s effectiveness. By increasing BHB levels in the body, CAR T cells were found to gain more power in attacking cancer cells. The researchers have since initiated a Phase I clinical trial at the Abramson Cancer Centre to further investigate this approach.
Assistant professor of Microbiology, Mayan Levy, emphasised the potential of this intervention due to its affordability and low toxicity. If the clinical trial results align with their initial findings, combining this approach with dietary interventions or traditional methods could further enhance its anti-cancer effects.
In conclusion, the study by the University of Pennsylvania offers a promising avenue for improving cancer treatment by leveraging the benefits of a ketogenic diet and supplements. The potential to enhance CAR T cell therapy through dietary interventions could mark a significant advancement in cancer research and treatment. As further research and clinical trials progress, this approach may offer new hope for patients battling various types of cancer.