Scientists have uncovered a new way to detect early signs of Alzheimer’s and dementia by observing changes in an individual’s walking style. A groundbreaking study conducted by Newcastle University aimed to enhance current diagnostic methods for different forms of cognitive conditions, particularly Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy body dementia (LBD). While Alzheimer’s patients commonly exhibit noticeable memory loss in the early stages, it can be challenging to distinguish between Alzheimer’s and LBD due to overlapping symptoms, leading to misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment.
In a significant breakthrough in 2019, researchers found that analysing patient movements could accurately identify ‘60% of all dementia subtypes’. Dr Ríona McArdle, the lead researcher at Newcastle University’s Faculty of Medical Sciences, highlighted the importance of identifying the specific type of dementia a patient has to ensure they receive the most appropriate treatment promptly. The study involved examining the walking styles of 110 individuals, including 36 with Alzheimer’s, 45 with LBD, and 29 without cognitive impairment.
One of the key findings of the study was that individuals with LBD tended to modify their walking patterns more frequently and show more ‘asymmetric’ movements compared to those with Alzheimer’s. Recent data indicates that there are over 944,000 people in the UK living with dementia, with LBD accounting for approximately 100,000 cases, according to Alzheimer’s Research UK. Reflecting on the study’s results, Dr James Pickett, Head of Research at Alzheimer’s Society, emphasised the potential of using gait analysis as a tool to differentiate between Alzheimer’s disease and LBD. He highlighted the importance of continuing to support research efforts aimed at advancing dementia diagnosis and treatment.
According to the NHS, potential early stage dementia symptoms include sudden changes in personality, difficulty finding words, confusion, memory loss, and trouble concentrating. Encouraging individuals experiencing memory issues to seek medical advice can lead to early detection of dementia, allowing for interventions that may help slow its progression. The research findings provide hope for developing more accurate diagnostic tools and improving care for individuals living with dementia in the UK.
In conclusion, the study reveals the promising role that analysing walking styles can play in diagnosing different types of dementia accurately. By incorporating gait analysis into diagnostic practices, healthcare professionals may enhance their ability to provide tailored treatment and support to individuals with cognitive conditions. Continued research in this area is crucial for advancing our understanding of dementia and improving outcomes for those affected by the condition.